Chapman函数在实际模式大气中的数值积分计算

本文对Chapman阳光掠射函数[Ch(z_p,χ)]进行了数值积分,求得了其在实际模式大气中随观测高度z_p及天顶角χ的变化.计算并讨论了低热层高温度梯度、分子与湍流扩散、重力场及太阳活动对 Ch(z_p,χ)的影响.结果表明,在150 km以下,Ch(z_p,χ)与前人用等标高模式及等标高梯度模式的计算结果差别较大.其中高温度梯度的影响起主导作用.特别是太阳活动对Chapman函数影响较显著,高年与低年之间可变化10—40％(在大天顶角时),这有可能推动热层大气中辐射-光化学-动力学耦合关系的变化.     

虚拟战场环境中大气环境的研究与应用

为全面的体现各种自然环境条件对武器系统的影响，准确的进行武器系统性能的评测和效能的评估，在虚拟战场环境除了构造各种武器平台仿真实体外，还需对各种武器平台进行的陆地，海洋，空间环境进行逼真的表示和描述，重点介绍了大气环境的数值模拟和环境数据在虚拟战场环境中的表示，并基于HLA/RTI协议标准构建了一个大气环境服务器，最后介绍了其在虚拟战场环境中的应用。     

Stratospheric polar vortex as a possible reason for temporal variations of solar activity and galactic cosmic ray effects on the lower atmosphere circulation

Possible reasons for the temporal instability of long-term effects of solar activity (SA) and galactic cosmic ray (GCR) variations on the lower atmosphere circulation were studied. It was shown that the detected earlier ∼60-year oscillations of the amplitude and sign of SA/GCR effects on the troposphere pressure at high and middle latitudes (Veretenenko and Ogurtsov, Adv.Space Res., 2012) are closely related to the state of a cyclonic vortex forming in the polar stratosphere. The intensity of the vortex was found to reveal a roughly 60-year periodicity affecting the evolution of the large-scale atmospheric circulation and the character of SA/GCR effects. An intensification of both Arctic anticyclones and mid-latitudinal cyclones associated with an increase of GCR fluxes at minima of the 11-year solar cycles is observed in the epochs of a strong polar vortex. In the epochs of a weak polar vortex SA/GCR effects on the development of baric systems at middle and high latitudes were found to change the sign. The results obtained provide evidence that the mechanism of solar activity and cosmic ray influences on the lower atmosphere circulation involves changes in the evolution of the stratospheric polar vortex.     

地球大气再入返回器辐射加热计算方法研究

针对地球大气再入返回器的辐射加热计算方法开展了研究,采用NASA的高温空气辐射加热预测软件QRAD中用到的四光谱带模型,同时考虑了辐射散热效应及非平衡辐射加热.对于返回舱大底的辐射加热分布特性,采用了基于牛顿压力分布的计算方法.计算结果表明,发展的高超声速再人体辐射加热预测方法结果可靠.     

新型固态电压标准的研制

介绍了低成本、高稳定的固态电压标准器的研制 ,该标准器可取代 0 .0 0 0 5级以下的标准电池 ,具有较高的应用和推广价值。     

激光对红外制导反舰导弹的干扰与损伤分析

计算了激光斜程传输时的大气透过率,研究了激光对光电探测器的干扰和破坏。以1.06μm激光辐照PV型HgCdTe红外探测器为例,估算了对远距离红外制导反舰导弹实现有效干扰所需发射的激光能量,从理论上证明了低能量激光对红外制导反舰导弹的干扰与损伤的可行性。     

光——一种特殊的建筑材料

本文主要根据光在当代建筑艺术的应用,探讨光这种特殊的材料的特点及其作用,以期唤起人们对光材料的重新认识和重视,并主动合理地把它运用到建筑设计中去.     

变化风场中无人机的动力学建模及飞行特性分析

研究了变化风场中无人机的动力学建模与飞行特性问题.给出了大气扰动的Von Kaman模型,推导出变化风场中无人机的六自由度非线性动力学模型,最后基于上述模型进行数值计算,分析了变化风场中无人机的飞行特性.结果表明,该模型能准确地描述无人机的动力学和运动学规律;大气扰动下,各运动参数均产生不同幅度的振荡;同一频谱的扰动在...     

Sodium lidar measurements of mesopause region temperatures at 23° S

A sodium lidar, capable of measuring temperature in the 80–100 km region, has been in operation at São José dos Campos (23° S, 46 W) since March 2007. Good quality data have been obtained for late autumn, winter and spring, but weather conditions make it extremely difficult to make measurements from mid-November to mid- February. We find the temperature structure to be strongly modulated by tides and gravity waves, but average profiles typically show a primary mesopause height close to 100 km with temperatures around 180 K, and a tendency for a secondary minimum of about 185 K to occur close to 90 km. Vertical temperature gradients greater than 50 K/km are sometimes seen even on profiles averaged over several hours. The strongest gradients are always positive and are frequently associated with strong gradients in sodium concentration. On the other hand, we frequently see rapid changes in the temperature profile, suggesting that models and non-local temperature measurements, as made by satellite radiometers, for example, are of little use in applications such as the analysis of gravity wave propagation seen in airglow images.     

Climate Variability on Venus and Titan

Venus and Titan are both slowly-rotating, approximately Earth-sized bodies with cloudy, dynamic atmospheres. Each has a complex climate system, even less well understood than the terrestrial equivalent, and the processes that appear to maintain the climate near the surface on both bodies have interesting similarities and differences with each other and with the Earth. By considering these factors and their possible evolution with the aid of elementary climate models, some interesting, albeit tentative, conclusions can be reached concerning the stability of climate on Earth-like planets, and the likely nature of past and future climate change.